Résilience du couple Génie civil et ville : relation entre infrastructures civiles et formes architecturales

Abstract

Urban flexibility and resilience to natural hazards are fundamental concepts that aim to better understand cities and communities while strengthening their capacity to adapt to earthquakes and various crises. Urban resilience is generally defined as the ability of a system to withstand disasters, adapt to them, and quickly recover its normal functioning. As it enables cities and urban fabrics to reduce risks and minimize human and material losses through compliance with building standards and appropriate urban planning. In contrast, old neighborhoods, slums, and certain peri-urban areas represent a high level of vulnerability to earthquakes due to the lack of proper urban organization, poor construction quality, and non-compliance with safety standards. These areas are often characterized by unemployment, poverty, and the spread of diseases associated with precarious living conditions. As a result, they usually suffer significant damage during earthquakes because of their high population density and buildings that do not meet technical standards. Conversely, the El Djawhara neighborhood in Ain Témouchent represents an example of a planned urban fabric designed according to modern organizational and technical standards. This planning has contributed to strengthening its resistance and adaptive capacity to natural hazards. This model highlights the importance of urban planning and compliance with building regulations in creating more resilient, safer.