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Prévalence et impact du marqueur CA15-3 dans le pronostic du cancer du sein
(2026) Belouadi Ikhlas Rofaida; Belkhedim Wissem; TAHARI F Z
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Breast cancer is characterised by the uncontrolled proliferation of breast cells, primarily affecting the milk ducts or lobules, and has the ability to spread to the opposite breast as well as to other distant organs, forming metastases. Its development is associated with several risk factors: non- modifiable (age, family history, BRCA genetic mutations) and modifiable (obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, age at first pregnancy). The classification of breast cancer is based on molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, triple-negative), histopathological types (in situ and invasive) and TNM staging. Our retrospective study, conducted among 18 patients aged 20 to 80 years, identified the main epidemiological, clinical and biological characteristics. The results show a predominance of patients aged 50 to 60 and who were married (89.36%).Clinically, frequent lymph node involvement was observed, with tumours predominantly affecting the left breast (57.14% for CA 15-3 < 30 U/ml), particularly in the upper outer quadrant (OUQ) with 60.71% for CA 15-3 < 30 U/ml and 45.45% for CA 15-3 > 30 U/ml. Histologically, grade II SBR invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was the most common. Strong expression of hormone receptors (ER+/PR+) was noted, associated with elevated CA15-3 levels, particularly in HER2-positive patients. These results confirm the value of CA15-3 for post-treatment monitoring.
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Recherche d'activités biologiques dans les graines de Cucurbita pepo
(2026) HICHOUR Halima; ABDELMALEK Nesrine; BENYAMINA Sofiane Mourad
The seeds of Cucurbita pepo serve as plant storage structures that function as a genuine natural bioactive complex. These seeds are distinguished by a rich chemical composition, that confers several biological properties, notably antioxidant, enzymatic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. In this study, two biological activities (antioxidant and enzymatic activities) were investigated within aqueous solution of Cucurbita pepo seeds. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by monitoring the degradation of H2O2 (catalase activity) and by the DPPH radical-scavenging assay, whereas amylase and phytase activities were assessed, respectively, by determining the amount of degraded starch and the amount of released inorganic phosphate as a function of pH, temperature, and salinity. The results showed the presence of a catalase activity (complete degradation of the initial H2O2 concentration, 5 mM) and a DPPH radical-scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 8.36 mg/mL. Furthermore, the aqueous extract of these seeds exhibited, after 5 min of incubation at 30 °C, an amylase activity (degradation of 18.18 μg starch/mg protein) and a phytase activity (release of 0.6 mM phosphate/mg protein), with optima at 30 °C and pH 9 for amylases, and 50 °C and pH 5 for phytases. In the presence of salt, both enzymes were affected, with phytases being more sensitive. Stability studies showed that amylases retained little activity after thermal treatment (about 9%) and were sensitive to both acidic and alkaline media (25% and 31.81% residual activity, respectively), while remaining highly stable in saline medium (72.72%). Conversely, phytases withstand thermal treatment (25% residual activity) and acidic pH (55%), but completely lost their activity under alkaline and saline conditions. The results obtained confirm that Cucurbita pepo seeds can constitute an exploitable source of antioxidant and enzymatic activities that could be valorized in industrial and biotechnological sectors.
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Impact d’un mode de vie sain chez les patientes atteintes d’un cancer du sein. Étude clinique. Service d’oncologie. Hôpital Dr Benzerdjeb
(2026) BENDRISS Bouchra; BENGRISSA Latéfa; M ABI-AYAD
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide, representing a major public health challenge. In this context, the adoption of healthy lifestyle measures – commonly referred to as a 'healthy lifestyle' – is attracting increasing interest in oncology due to its potential effects on biological biomarkers, clinical status, and patients' quality of life. This interventional study was conducted on 10 patients with confirmed breast cancer monitored at the oncology department of Hôpital Dr Benzerdjeb, Aïn Témouchent (21/03/2026– 10/06/2026). For one month, participants followed a protocol combining daily walking (≥30 min), vitamin D supplementation (200,000 IU), a diet low in refined sugars, twice-weekly intermittent fasting, and sleep hygiene measures. Results showed a notable increase in vitamin D levels (28.27 → 39.61 ng/mL), improved nutritional status (albumin: 33.20 → 41.96 g/L), and reduced systemic inflammation (CRP: 7.65 → <6 mg/L). Clinically, asthenia decreased significantly (50% → 12.5%). However, none of these changes reached statistical significance (p >0.05), likely due to the small sample size and short intervention period. These encouraging findings support further studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up to better quantify the real-world benefits of lifestyle interventions in integrative breast cancer care.
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Evaluation du potentiel antimicrobien des actinomycètes extrémophiles de la région d’Ain Témouchent vis-à-vis des micro-organismes responsables d’in- fection urinaire
(2026) MAKDAD Rim; MADANI Atika; BENBELAID Fethi
Urinary tract infections, already the most common infectious diseases worldwide, are exacer- bated by the increasing emergence of bacterial strains resistant to conventional antibiotics. Among the solutions explored, we focused on studying extremophile Actinomycetes isolated from three sites in the Aïn Témouchent region (the Hassi El Ghella salt flat, the Ourdania Cave, and the Sidi Aïd mineral spring) with the aim of finding alternative antimicrobial molecules. Characterization of the strains using phenotypic tests, based on macroscopic and microscopic features, as well as physiological and biochemical tests, allowed us to classify them within the genus Streptomyces. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity by the agar cylinder method demonstrated that the isolated strains exert significant inhibition on several bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, as well as on yeasts of the genus Candida.
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Bras manipulateur opérant sur un objet tridimensionnel statique
(2026) CHENAFA Mariem; YOUNES Khedidja
This thesis presents the design, modeling, and numerical validation of a five-degree-of-freedom (5- DOF) serial robotic manipulator equipped with a horizontal rotating base for operations on spherical surfaces. This original architecture is intended to optimize axisymmetric tasks such as inspection, drilling, and surface treatment while reducing mechanical and algorithmic complexity. A vector- guidance approach based on a dual-targeting system was developed to ensure motion continuity and minimize orientation singularities. The forward kinematic model was established using homogeneous transformation matrices, while the inverse kinematic model was solved analytically through vector decoupling. Workspace analysis enabled the determination of trajectory reachability conditions and the identification of singular configurations specific to the proposed architecture. Model validation was achieved through cross- verification between a Three.js-based 3D simulation environment and a scientific solver developed in Python, demonstrating a high level of agreement between analytical results and simulated trajectories.