Essai d’élaboration de la méthodologie de modélisation 3D des nappes aquifères

Abstract

Groundwater represents a vital resource in various fields essential to the lives of individuals and communities. Like dams, it acts as a natural reservoir for rainwater and is typically exploited through well drilling. However, this process requires not only accurate knowledge of the location of groundwater beneath the surface, but also its depth, quality, and storage capacity—posing significant technical and scientific challenges. This thesis serves as an introduction and general overview of this important field, aiming to establish an effective methodology for three-dimensional modeling of aquifer systems. This modern tool provides deeper insight into groundwater

behavior and supports its sustainable management. The study begins by presenting the fundamental concepts related to aquifers, including their types and hydrodynamic properties. It then explores techniques for collecting topographic, geological, climatic, and hydrological data, with a focus on

the role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Furthermore, the research investigates digital modeling tools such as MODFLOW and GMS, as well as 3D visualization techniques, through the analysis of interpolation methods, layer representation, and interactive modeling. Ultimately, the work proposes a comprehensive scientific methodology for accurately representing aquifer layers, with the objective of supporting decision- making in the management of groundwater resources.