Etudes des caractéristiques mécaniques et physiques d’un béton végétal

Abstract

Natural fibers constitute a promising alternative in the field of sustainable construction materials due to their mechanical properties, low environmental impact, and availability as

renewable resources. In this research work, the physical and mechanical properties of a bio- based mortar reinforced with date palm fibers and marine algae fibers were investigated. The

main objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of these fibers on the behavior of the material while valorizing local renewable and environmentally friendly resources. Several formulations containing different dosages of natural fibers were prepared and subjected to a series of standardized tests. The investigations focused on workability, bulk density, water absorption, capillary absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength, as well as other physical and mechanical properties. The obtained results showed that the incorporation of natural fibers significantly modifies the behavior of the mortar. The fibers contribute to reducing cracking, improving ductility, and enhancing certain mechanical performances, while reducing the density of the material and improving its thermal insulation capacity. However, an increase in fiber content leads to reduced workability as well as increased water absorption. The observed performances highlight the potential of date palm fibers and marine algae as reinforcing materials for cementitious composites. Their valorization offers interesting prospects for the development of sustainable, economical, and environmentally friendly construction materials.