Pertinence des Modèles Réduits des Structures pour l’Analyse Dynamique en Utilisant les Tables Vibrantes

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the study of the dynamic behavior of structures subjected to seismic loads, through the use of scaled models experimentally tested on a shaking table. The main objective is to evaluate the relevance of these reduced models in accurately reproducing the dynamic response of a real structure, taking into account similarity laws and scale effects. The approach combines theoretical modeling, the physical design of a reduced model (representing a bridge pier), and a series of dynamic tests aimed at identifying vibrational characteristics such as natural frequencies, periods, and damping ratios. Two main damping identification methods are implemented: logarithmic decrement and half-power bandwidth. An experimental seismic simulation, based on the 1995 Kobe earthquake, is then conducted to analyze the model’s response to a real excitation. The results show good agreement between experimental, analytical, and numerical approaches, confirming the reliability of reduced models for seismic analysis. This work highlights the importance of physical laboratory tests to validate theoretical assumptions, improve numerical simulation tools, and enhance the resilience of structures against earthquakes.