Sciences Biologiques

URI permanent de cette collectionhttps://dspacee.univ-temouchent.edu.dz/handle/123456789/753

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Évaluation de l’efficacité des biofertilisants naturels sur sols pauvres en matière organique
(2026) Belmokhtar Hena Soheir; Benadjila Rania; YAZIT SIDI-MOHAMMED
Soil fertility is a key factor in ensuring sustainable agricultural production. In this context, the valorization of organic waste represents an environmentally friendly alternative for improving soil properties while reducing the environmental impact of waste. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of coffee grounds and potato peels, used as organic amendments, on the physicochemical properties of soil and on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). To achieve this objective, four treatments were established: a control soil (T0), soil amended with coffee grounds (T1), soil amended with potato peels (T2), and soil amended with a mixture of coffee grounds and potato peels (T3). Plant growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, fresh biomass, and dry biomass) as well as selected soil chemical properties (pH, organic matter, and electrical conductivity) were evaluated after composting and after cultivation. The results showed that the organic amendments improved soil properties and promoted lettuce growth. Treatment T2 recorded the best performance, with a final plant height of 16 cm, a leaf length of 15 cm, and the highest fresh (9.53 g) and dry (0.55 g) biomass values. Soil analyses also revealed an increase in organic matter content in the amended treatments, while soil pH remained close to neutrality. An increase in electrical conductivity was observed after cultivation, reflecting the gradual release of mineral nutrients during the decomposition of the organic amendments. These findings highlight the agronomic potential of coffee grounds and potato peels as organic amendments capable of improving soil fertility and enhancing lettuce growth, thereby contributing to more sustainable agricultural practices.
Valorisation de la symbiose mycorhizienne des légumineuses alimentaires
(2026) GHOUL RAWENE; KEBDANI DJIHENE; Benelhadj Djelloul Saadia
Intensive agricultural practices and the use of chemical inputs exert increasing pressure on soil microbial communities, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), thereby disrupting the biological balance of ecosystems. In this context, the use of natural biostimulants represents a promising alternative due to their ability to improve soil structure, plant growth and nutrition, as well as plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two natural biostimulants, the green alga Ulva lactuca and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, applied individually or in combination, on the growth and development of (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), within the framework of sustainable agriculture. The results showed that all tested biological treatments positively improved the growth parameters of both studied species. The combined treatment associating AMF and Ulva lactuca achieved the best performance, indicating a synergistic effect between the two biostimulants. Furthermore, treated plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses, particularly drought and salinity, confirming the potential of these natural biostimulants as sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional chemical fertilizers.
Contribution à l’étude des souches de bactéries lactiques isolées à partir du lait de vache
(2026) Benzzina Halima Nour El Houda; Ben Mahammed Fatima Zahra; Benrezzag Karima; BELLAHCENE Miloud
After isolation and purification, the obtained isolates were subjected to several identification and physiological tests, including Gram staining, catalase and oxidase tests, growth at different temperatures, pH values and NaCl concentrations, fermentation type, heat resistance, and growth on Sherman milk medium. The study was completed by evaluating the antagonistic activity of the isolates against three pathogenic microorganisms and by performing an antibiotic susceptibility test. The results revealed the presence of Gram-positive, catalase-negative lactic acid bacteria that showed good adaptation to various growth conditions and significant inhibitory activity against certain pathogens. The five isolates were classified into two groups: three cocci and two bacilli. All isolates were homofermentative and tolerated temperatures of 37°C and 45°C, 4% NaCl, and pH 9.6. Only one isolate grew at 6.5% NaCl, while two isolates were thermoresistant at 63°C. No isolate grew at pH 4.5. Antimicrobial tests showed that some isolates exhibited inhibitory activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. This study confirms that raw cow's milk is a valuable source of lactic acid bacteria with potential applications in the food and biotechnology industries.
Etude de certaines activités biologiques de quelques moisissures isolées du sol salin de Sebkha d’Oran : région de HASSI GHALA
(2026) GUENAOUI Imane Fatima Zahra; KASMI Fatima; FESSIOU Fatima Zahra; ZIANE Mohammed
Sebkhas, characterized by hypersaline soils and extreme environmental conditions, constitute challenging ecosystems. Nevertheless, they harbor a diverse halotolerant fungal microflora, endowed with remarkable biological potentialities. This study aimed at the isolation and partial characterization of the biological activities of molds from the soils of the Hassi El Ghala sebkha (Oran region). Isolation was carried out by direct plating of soil fragments on PDA and Czapek Dox media supplemented with NaCl (10 and 15%), incubated at 25 °C. The 19 isolates obtained, distributed among four genera (Penicillium dominant at 46%, followed by Aspergillus at 27%, Mucor at 18%, and Fusarium at 9%), revealed notable enzymatic variability. All expressed amylase and protease activities, and 90% of them exhibited cellulase activity. No antibacterial activity was detected; however, antifungal activity was observed against certain indigenous isolates. These results underscore the ecological and biotechnological interest of these strains, and pave the way for further molecular investigations as well as the valorization of their metabolites in various industrial sectors.
Étude épidémiologique rétrospective des méningites bactériennes chez les enfants
(2026) ADADA Aya; ABDALLAH AFGHOUL Samra; BOUCHACHIA Souad
Bacterial meningitis in children remains a major medical-pediatric emergency due to its rapid progression, high mortality rate, and significant risk of neurological sequelae. This descriptive retrospective study aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of bacterial meningitis in children. It takes place in the pediatric departments of Berbih Abdelkader Hospital in Hammam Bouhdjar and the mother-and-child facility in Ain Temouchent during the period 2022–2026, and covers 98 cases recorded in children aged 0 to 15 years.The results reveal a significant resurgence of cases in 2025, accounting for 81.6% of all cases recorded over the study period. A male predominance is observed with a sex ratio of 1.88. The most affected age groups are those aged 5 to 15 years (37.8%) and 1 to 5 years (30.6%). The majority of cases are recorded during winter and spring, suggesting the influence of climatic factors and respiratory infections in the onset of the disease. Regarding therapeutic management, cephalosporins and amoxicillin are the most commonly used antibiotics. The clinical outcome is favorable in the majority of cases, with a recovery rate of 96.9%, while neurological sequelae and deaths remain rare.This study highlights the importance of strengthening vaccination, epidemiological surveillance, and early diagnosis in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial meningitis in children.
Etude des activités biologiques des extrais naturels d’une plante médicinale Rosmarinus officinalis l. de la région d’Ain Temouchent
(2026) MASSABIHI Hanane; MANSOUR HAFIFI Oumaima Fatima; BENNABI Farid
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is an aromatic and medicinal plant widely recognized for its richness in bioactive compounds, particularly essential oils, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which are responsible for numerous biological properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of aqueous, ethanolic, and hexane extracts, as well as the essential oil and total oil obtained from rosemary leaves collected in the Aïn Témouchent region (Algeria). The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus, whereas the other extracts were prepared by maceration with appropriate solvents. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method against four reference bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus), as well as Candida albicans. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The results showed that the different extracts exhibited variable biological activities depending on their nature, with the ethanolic extract and the essential oil displaying the highest activities. These findings confirm the potential of rosemary as a natural source of bioactive compounds that could be exploited in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic applications.
Caractérisation in vitro du potentiel probiotique de souches de bactéries lactiques isolées de produits laitiers traditionnels
(2026) BENALI Mohamed kheir Ellah; BOUZID Daho Mokhtar; KHALADI Walid; DJOUAD Mokhtar Eddine
This study focuses on the isolation, characterization, and evaluation of the technological, functional, and probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional Algerian fermented products. A total of 46 isolates were obtained from eight types of products collected in five regions (Aïn Témouchent, Chlef, Biskra, Oran, and Touggourt). Morphological, biochemical, and physiological characterization confirmed their belonging to the LAB group. API gallery identification revealed several species, including Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LA2), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LB4), Levilactobacillu brevis (VC2), Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (FA3), Leuconostoc spp. (FA6 and LCT1), and Enterococcus faecium (LC8), reflecting the microbiological diversity of traditional Algerian fermentations. Evaluation of technological properties revealed variable proteolytic and acidifying activity across strains, a complete absence of lipolytic activity, and heterogeneous exopolysaccharide and biofilm production. Antioxidant activity, measured by the DPPH assay, showed high inhibition rates for strains FO1 (93.5%), LB6 (93.4%), and FA1 (89.4%). In vitro evaluation of probiotic properties demonstrated variable resistance to gastric acidity (pH 2 and pH 3), digestive enzymes (pepsin and trypsin), and bile salts (Oxgall 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%). Strains LB6, LC3, LA1, and FO1 distinguished themselves through overall performance, confirming their probiotic potential. These results highlight the microbiological richness of traditional Algerian fermented products and open perspectives for the development of locally sourced probiotics.
Champignons responsables des otomycoses : Isolement, identification et sensibilité aux produits naturels
(2026) HACHEMAOUI Ines Zahra; CHERIF Nadjib
Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the external auditory canal frequently encountered in hot and humid regions. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the fungi responsible for otomycosis in Western Algeria and to evaluate their susceptibility to selected antifungal agents and natural products. A total of 52 ear samples were collected and analyzed, of which 38 were positive for fungal growth. Species belonging to the genus Aspergillus were the most frequently isolated, followed by yeasts of the genus Candida and species of Penicillium. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed a high efficacy of terbinafine against moulds and miconazole against yeasts. Among the natural products tested, thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oils exhibited significant antifungal activity, whereas the hydroalcoholic extract of Ricinus communis showed no inhibitory effect. These findings confirm the predominance of Aspergillus and Candida species in otomycosis and highlight the potential use of certain essential oils as complementary alternatives to conventional antifungal therapies.
Évaluation des paramètres biochimiques chez les femmes enceintes atteintes de l’hypothyroïdie
(2026) Ladjali Ikhlas; Lasri Konouz el ikhlas; KHOLKHAL Fatima
Hypothyroidism during pregnancy is a common endocrine disorder that can affect the mother’s health and the development of the foetus. Thyroid hormones play a vital role in maintaining metabolic balance and ensuring a healthy pregnancy. Impaired thyroid function can lead to various biological disturbances that may increase the risk of obstetric and neonatal complications. The aim of this study was to assess certain biochemical parameters in pregnant women with hypothyroidism. To this end, a comparative study was conducted involving 60 pregnant women divided into two groups: a group of 30 patients with hypothyroidism and a control group comprising 30 healthy pregnant women. The parameters studied included thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol. The results showed an increase in mean TSH levels and fasting blood glucose levels in pregnant women with hypothyroidism compared with the control group. In contrast, there were no significant differences in FT4 and total cholesterol levels between the two groups. The study also highlighted a higher incidence of certain obstetric complications in hypothyroid patients. In conclusion, hypothyroidism during pregnancy is associated with biological changes that may influence the course of pregnancy. These results underscore the importance of early screening, regular biological monitoring and appropriate management to improve the maternal- foetal prognosis.
Etude biostatistique des bilans biochimiques et hématologiques dans la région d’Ain Témouchent
(2025) BOUKRI, Asmaa; BOUZOUNI, Maroua; MOGHTIT, Fatima Zohra
Biological tests play a central role in medicine in the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of diseases. There are different types of blood tests, with the most essential being biochemical and hematological analysis. Our biostatistical study, conducted at the central laboratory of the Ahmed MEDEGHRI Public Hospital in Ain Temouchent, focused on the biological results of 82 patients, with the aim of analyzing certain hematological and biochemical variations according to age and gender. The demographic analysis revealed a female predominance and a strong representation of individuals over the age of 50. Biologically, several abnormalities were identified: a tendency toward anemia in women, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate in older subjects indicating a possible inflammatory state, as well as increased blood glucose and renal markers with age, reflecting metabolic aging. These findings need to be confirmed by studies on a larger scale. This study highlights the value of a biostatistical approach to better understand the biological profiles of a population by identifying the most frequent abnormalities. It provides a useful basis for guiding screening and prevention efforts.
Initiation à la préparation de sirops à base des ressources riches en amidon comme alternative du sucre blanc (Évaluation nutritionnelle)
(2025) Benazzouz, said; Yazit, Sidi Mohammed
The modern human diet faces numerous challenges related to the excess of refined sugars, particularly those found in sugary drinks and processed foods. This overconsumption is associated with an increase in chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Aware of this public health issue, several international bodies are encouraging the reduction of added sugars and the promotion of more natural and sustainable alternatives. The objective of this study was to extract and evaluate natural syrups obtained from two abundant and local raw materials: sweet potato (Manitou variety) and corn. These plants are rich in starch, a polysaccharide that is easily hydrolyzed by heat into simple sugars such as glucose. The results revealed several differences. On a sensory level, sweet potato syrup was strongly preferred by the participants: 49.3% rated it good or very good, compared to only 25% for corn syrup. Descriptive analysis showed that sweet potato syrup had more natural flavors (carrot, date, apple) and a predominantly golden brown color, while corn syrup had a more yellow hue and a more bitter or sour taste, according to some testers. Finally, from an industrial applicability perspective, sweet potato syrup is easily incorporated into various food preparations: beverages, pastries, and dietary or children's products. It requires no additives or coloring agents, making it a healthy and natural alternative to refined sugar.
Valorisation de la symbiose mycorhizienne des légumineuses alimentaires
(2025) MOUISSI, SAFIA; BEN AICHA, KHADIDJA; Benelhadj, Djelloul Saadia
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of natural biostimulants on the growth of food legumes. The research first focuses on the analysis of physicochemical and microbiological properties of soils cultivated with Sorghum bicolor L. Subsequently, the mycorrhization rate was assessed to facilitate controlled inoculation. Finally, the effects of two biostimulants the green alga Ulva lactuca and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) isolated from Sorghum bicolor are tested on the growth of two legume species: chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and lentil (Lens culinaris). Soil analyses from samples collected under Sorghum bicolor L. in the Chaabat El Leham region (Aïn Témouchent) reveal a clay texture, moderate levels of available phosphorus, and high nitrogen content. Microscopic examination of Sorghum root fragments shows a mycorrhization rate of 83%, indicating strong potential as fungal inoculum. Following inoculation, both tested species exhibit improved growth. In Cicer arietinum, the algae-based treatment enhances plant height and biomass, while the treatment with mycorrhizal roots promotes root colonization more effectively than the combined treatment. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to visualize the relationships between mycorrhization parameters and biometric traits of Cicer arietinum L. The two principal components account for 98.12% of the total variance. The first component, explaining 80.08% of the variance, groups together mycorrhization frequency, intensity, arbuscule percentage, dry weight, and fresh weight, all positively correlated with significant coefficients ranging from 0.69 to 0.91.
Etude des plantes médicinales utilisées dans la médecine traditionnelle, axée sur la région d'Ain Temouchent, à travers une approche ethnobotanique
(2025) BERRABAH, Chaimaâ; BOUCHIBA, Fatima; BENDJEDOU, Houaria
This ethnobotanical study aimed to document the medicinal plants utilized by the local populace of Ain Temouchent Province, Algeria, for the treatment of common ailments, with a particular focus on digestive disorders. The investigation involved a survey employing 190 questionnaires distributed across two distinct regions within the province. The results revealed the use of 86 plant species, categorized into 36 botanical families. The most prevalent families identified were Lamiaceae (18.60 %), Apiaceae (10.47 %), Asteraceae (9.31 %). Regarding plant utilization, leaves were the most frequently employed plant part, and decoction was the predominant method of preparation. The administered remedies were primarily for oral consumption. The study indicated that women, especially those between 30 and 50 years of age. were the primary users of these traditional remedies. Notably, individuals with a university-level education constituted the largest population. In light of these findings, this study underscores the significant wealth of traditional knowledge concerning medicinal plant use within the Ain Temouchent region. This research not only contributes to the enrichment of the Algerian medicinal flora inventory but also plays a crucial role in the valorization of the local ethnobotanical heritage.
Prévalence et antibiorésistance des entérobactéries isolées des mammites chez la vache laitière dans la région d’Ain Témouchent
(2025) DRID, Djemaa Ouafaa; OUANANE, Raouda; BOUAMRA, Mohammed
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, generally caused by a bacterial infection, which affects the health of dairy cows and has a significant economic impact due to reduced milk production and altered milk composition. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria isolated from dairy cows in the Ain Témouchent region, as well as to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles of isolated bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. During this study, 162 lactating cows were screened for subclinical mastitis using the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples with a positive CMT result then underwent bacteriological analysis. The results highlighted that mastitis remains a major pathology in cattle farms in Algeria, with a prevalence of 29.01% in the Ain Témouchent region. Bacteriological analyses of samples from subclinical mastitis generally showed a predominance of E. coli with a frequency of 19.13%, followed by K.pneumoniae with an isolation frequency of 6.01%.The in vitro sensitivity study of the identified bacteria to antibiotics revealed good sensitivity of E. coli to cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole, and colistin sulfate. For K.pneumoniae, good sensitivity was observed for amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole. Regarding the resistance level, very high resistance was observed for E. coli to amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and ofloxacin. For K.pneumoniae, very high resistance was noted for ampicillin, amoxicillin, and tetracycline. These results pave the way for more in-depth studies on certain functions that could be targets for infection control strategies.
Assessment of the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of wastewater
(2025) BENMOUSSA MAHI, Ilyes; BOUDJEMA, Aymen; BOUCHACHIA, Souad
This study focused on evaluating the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of raw and treated wastewater from the Ain Témouchent wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), based on five samples (S1 to S5). Microbiological analyses were conducted using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, alongside standardized physicochemical testing. The physicochemical results showed that pH values ranged between 7 and 8.28. The average temperature was 15.4 °C for raw wastewater and 10.8 °C for treated water. Turbidity exhibited a significant decrease, with a reduction exceeding 97%, reaching values below 4 NTU in the majority of treated samples. Conductivity showed a slight decrease after treatment. The average nitrite concentration was reduced from 0.199 mg/L in raw wastewater to 0.051 mg/L in treated water. Conversely, nitrate concentrations increased after treatment, rising from 0–0.88 mg/L in raw samples to 0–4.2 mg/L in treated effluents, a phenomenon attributed to the nitrification process. Ammonium levels experienced a substantial reduction, with an initial average concentration of 69.08 mg/L in raw wastewater. Phosphate concentrations slightly decreased following treatment. From a bacteriological perspective, a significant reduction in total coliforms was observed after treatment, indicating partial effectiveness of the treatment process. The treatment process at the Ain Témouchent WWTP ensures a highly effective reduction of organic pollution, with results conforming to standards for most analyzed physicochemical parameters. However, the insufficient removal of fecal coliforms highlights the need to optimize or supplement the treatment, notably by adding a disinfection step, to guarantee the sanitary quality of the effluents for potential reuse.
Etude physico-chimique des œufs issus d’élevages traditionnels dans la région d’Ain-Temouchent
(2025) FENTOUS, Khadidja; FEKIH, Chaimaa; MADANI, Khadidja
Chicken eggs are widely consumed around the world due to their high content of essential fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamins and proteins. Analysing the physicochemical parameters of egg constituents enables us to evaluate their nutritional richness and value. With this in mind, we analysed chicken eggs from various traditional farms in the Ain Temouchent region. The results of the physical analysis before breaking the eggs show an average weight of 49.48 g, an average length of 5.28 cm and an average width of 3.92 cm. After breaking, the weight of the egg yolk is greater than that of the white and the shell, with an average of 18.15 g, and an almost equal diameter of the white and the yolk. The results of chemical analysis of 100 g of egg show that, in addition to other parameters, the pH of the egg white and yolk have different values, as well as a fat content of 13.04 g, a protein content of 9.04 g and a moisture content of 89.98%. Based on our data, we can characterise the physicochemical quality profile of the studied eggs. This enables us to explore the relationship between farming methods and the quality of hen eggs, with the aim of ensuring they are highly nutritious.
Antibiorésistance des entérobactéries hospitalières
(2025) BELLAHCENE, Kawtar manel; MERBOUH, Khadidja; Y.AHMED, AMMAR OUADAH
Antibiotic resistance is an evolving concept that has become increasingly alarming in recent years. It is associated with a clinical and economic burden (mortality, longer hospital stays, and the fear of being powerless against infections in the future). This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance of 100 Enterobacteria isolates obtained from various clinical samples (urine, blood, and pus) collected from patients admitted to three hospitals in the Ain Temouchent region during the period from March to April 2025. The results reveal a predominance of urinary isolates (87%), with a marked prevalence among women (72%). E. coli was the most dominant bacteria (58%). The analysis of overall antibiotic resistance showed high resistance rates, not exceeding 40%, against several antibiotic classes, particularly beta-lactams (amoxicillin, oxacillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) and quinolones (ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid). E. coli exhibited the highest levels of resistance (42% for amoxicillin, 39% for nalidixic acid, 40% for erythromycin, and 36% for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid). The situation was particularly concerning for urinary isolates, where the overall resistance reached alarming levels (from 70% to 87%).
Etude épidémiologique et descriptive des infections respiratoires basses à l’Hôpital Ahmed Medeghri
(2025) KOUDRI, Bouchra; BOUKIT, Nor El Houda; CHIBANI, Hiba Rahman
Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) constitute a major public health problem due to their frequency and potential severity; they remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. To assess their management, we conducted a descriptive study of all lung samples collected from adult and elderly patients hospitalized in the pulmonology department of Ahmed Medeghri Hospital in Aim Témouchent during the years 2020, 2023, and 2024. 363 cases were reviewed. The main pathologies diagnosed were pneumonia (21%), bronchitis (24%), asthma (26%), pulmonary tuberculosis (18%), and pleurisy (9%). A male predominance (53%) was observed, compared to female patients (47%), with significant variations across years and age groups. Adults represented 57% of the population, compared to 43% for the elderly. A marked decrease in the number of cases of IRB was also noted in 2024, suggesting the possible impact of preventive measures and increased epidemiological surveillance. These results highlight the need to maintain local vigilance and develop targeted prevention strategies to reduce IRB-related morbidity in the region.
Evaluation de la contamination microbienne de certains produits de charcuterie crue à consommer après cuisson
(2025) ABDELHADI, Bouchra; AHMED SEDDIK, Nassima Aicha; ZIANE M
This study focuses on the evaluation of the microbiological quality of three local meat products: sausages, kaddid, and spleen blood sausage. It highlights the influence of production, processing, and consumption practices on meat quality. Microbiological analyses revealed varying levels of contamination depending on the product: sausages, which are high in moisture and often prepared using traditional methods, showed a diverse microbial flora that sometimes included pathogenic bacteria; kaddid, a salted and dried product, showed low bacterial contamination but carried a risk of mold development; spleen blood sausage, rich in nutrients and subject to extensive handling, was found to be the most contaminated, particularly with fecal indicator bacteria. The study recommends the strict application of good hygiene practices, proper training of producers, and compliance with microbiological standards to ensure the sanitary safety of these traditional products.
Supplémentation en Vitamine D3/chrome pour les patients diabétiques de type2.Etude interventionnelle. Hôpital Ain-Temouchent
(2025) HAMDAWI, Fadoua; MEHADJI, Nabila; ABI-AYAD, Meryem
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined vitamin D3 and chromium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included 23 patients and assessed changes in biological and anthropometric parameters before and after intervention. Results revealed a moderate but significant improvement in glycemic markers, especially fasting glucose and HbA1c, suggesting a potential role of these micronutrients in glycemic control. The response varied depending on age, treatment regimen, BMI, associated diseases, and dietary compliance. This work highlights the complexity of diabetes management and supports the need for a comprehensive, individualized, and multidisciplinary approach that combines medical treatment, nutrition, and lifestyle. It also opens perspectives for future research on complementary strategies in the management of type 2 diabetes

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