Sciences Biologiques

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Etude biostatistique des bilans biochimiques et hématologiques dans la région d’Ain Témouchent
(2025) BOUKRI, Asmaa; BOUZOUNI, Maroua; MOGHTIT, Fatima Zohra
Biological tests play a central role in medicine in the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of diseases. There are different types of blood tests, with the most essential being biochemical and hematological analysis. Our biostatistical study, conducted at the central laboratory of the Ahmed MEDEGHRI Public Hospital in Ain Temouchent, focused on the biological results of 82 patients, with the aim of analyzing certain hematological and biochemical variations according to age and gender. The demographic analysis revealed a female predominance and a strong representation of individuals over the age of 50. Biologically, several abnormalities were identified: a tendency toward anemia in women, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate in older subjects indicating a possible inflammatory state, as well as increased blood glucose and renal markers with age, reflecting metabolic aging. These findings need to be confirmed by studies on a larger scale. This study highlights the value of a biostatistical approach to better understand the biological profiles of a population by identifying the most frequent abnormalities. It provides a useful basis for guiding screening and prevention efforts.
Initiation à la préparation de sirops à base des ressources riches en amidon comme alternative du sucre blanc (Évaluation nutritionnelle)
(2025) Benazzouz, said; Yazit, Sidi Mohammed
The modern human diet faces numerous challenges related to the excess of refined sugars, particularly those found in sugary drinks and processed foods. This overconsumption is associated with an increase in chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Aware of this public health issue, several international bodies are encouraging the reduction of added sugars and the promotion of more natural and sustainable alternatives. The objective of this study was to extract and evaluate natural syrups obtained from two abundant and local raw materials: sweet potato (Manitou variety) and corn. These plants are rich in starch, a polysaccharide that is easily hydrolyzed by heat into simple sugars such as glucose. The results revealed several differences. On a sensory level, sweet potato syrup was strongly preferred by the participants: 49.3% rated it good or very good, compared to only 25% for corn syrup. Descriptive analysis showed that sweet potato syrup had more natural flavors (carrot, date, apple) and a predominantly golden brown color, while corn syrup had a more yellow hue and a more bitter or sour taste, according to some testers. Finally, from an industrial applicability perspective, sweet potato syrup is easily incorporated into various food preparations: beverages, pastries, and dietary or children's products. It requires no additives or coloring agents, making it a healthy and natural alternative to refined sugar.
Valorisation de la symbiose mycorhizienne des légumineuses alimentaires
(2025) MOUISSI, SAFIA; BEN AICHA, KHADIDJA; Benelhadj, Djelloul Saadia
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of natural biostimulants on the growth of food legumes. The research first focuses on the analysis of physicochemical and microbiological properties of soils cultivated with Sorghum bicolor L. Subsequently, the mycorrhization rate was assessed to facilitate controlled inoculation. Finally, the effects of two biostimulants the green alga Ulva lactuca and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) isolated from Sorghum bicolor are tested on the growth of two legume species: chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and lentil (Lens culinaris). Soil analyses from samples collected under Sorghum bicolor L. in the Chaabat El Leham region (Aïn Témouchent) reveal a clay texture, moderate levels of available phosphorus, and high nitrogen content. Microscopic examination of Sorghum root fragments shows a mycorrhization rate of 83%, indicating strong potential as fungal inoculum. Following inoculation, both tested species exhibit improved growth. In Cicer arietinum, the algae-based treatment enhances plant height and biomass, while the treatment with mycorrhizal roots promotes root colonization more effectively than the combined treatment. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to visualize the relationships between mycorrhization parameters and biometric traits of Cicer arietinum L. The two principal components account for 98.12% of the total variance. The first component, explaining 80.08% of the variance, groups together mycorrhization frequency, intensity, arbuscule percentage, dry weight, and fresh weight, all positively correlated with significant coefficients ranging from 0.69 to 0.91.
Etude des plantes médicinales utilisées dans la médecine traditionnelle, axée sur la région d'Ain Temouchent, à travers une approche ethnobotanique
(2025) BERRABAH, Chaimaâ; BOUCHIBA, Fatima; BENDJEDOU, Houaria
This ethnobotanical study aimed to document the medicinal plants utilized by the local populace of Ain Temouchent Province, Algeria, for the treatment of common ailments, with a particular focus on digestive disorders. The investigation involved a survey employing 190 questionnaires distributed across two distinct regions within the province. The results revealed the use of 86 plant species, categorized into 36 botanical families. The most prevalent families identified were Lamiaceae (18.60 %), Apiaceae (10.47 %), Asteraceae (9.31 %). Regarding plant utilization, leaves were the most frequently employed plant part, and decoction was the predominant method of preparation. The administered remedies were primarily for oral consumption. The study indicated that women, especially those between 30 and 50 years of age. were the primary users of these traditional remedies. Notably, individuals with a university-level education constituted the largest population. In light of these findings, this study underscores the significant wealth of traditional knowledge concerning medicinal plant use within the Ain Temouchent region. This research not only contributes to the enrichment of the Algerian medicinal flora inventory but also plays a crucial role in the valorization of the local ethnobotanical heritage.
Prévalence et antibiorésistance des entérobactéries isolées des mammites chez la vache laitière dans la région d’Ain Témouchent
(2025) DRID, Djemaa Ouafaa; OUANANE, Raouda; BOUAMRA, Mohammed
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, generally caused by a bacterial infection, which affects the health of dairy cows and has a significant economic impact due to reduced milk production and altered milk composition. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria isolated from dairy cows in the Ain Témouchent region, as well as to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles of isolated bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. During this study, 162 lactating cows were screened for subclinical mastitis using the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples with a positive CMT result then underwent bacteriological analysis. The results highlighted that mastitis remains a major pathology in cattle farms in Algeria, with a prevalence of 29.01% in the Ain Témouchent region. Bacteriological analyses of samples from subclinical mastitis generally showed a predominance of E. coli with a frequency of 19.13%, followed by K.pneumoniae with an isolation frequency of 6.01%.The in vitro sensitivity study of the identified bacteria to antibiotics revealed good sensitivity of E. coli to cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole, and colistin sulfate. For K.pneumoniae, good sensitivity was observed for amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole. Regarding the resistance level, very high resistance was observed for E. coli to amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and ofloxacin. For K.pneumoniae, very high resistance was noted for ampicillin, amoxicillin, and tetracycline. These results pave the way for more in-depth studies on certain functions that could be targets for infection control strategies.
Assessment of the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of wastewater
(2025) BENMOUSSA MAHI, Ilyes; BOUDJEMA, Aymen; BOUCHACHIA, Souad
This study focused on evaluating the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of raw and treated wastewater from the Ain Témouchent wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), based on five samples (S1 to S5). Microbiological analyses were conducted using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, alongside standardized physicochemical testing. The physicochemical results showed that pH values ranged between 7 and 8.28. The average temperature was 15.4 °C for raw wastewater and 10.8 °C for treated water. Turbidity exhibited a significant decrease, with a reduction exceeding 97%, reaching values below 4 NTU in the majority of treated samples. Conductivity showed a slight decrease after treatment. The average nitrite concentration was reduced from 0.199 mg/L in raw wastewater to 0.051 mg/L in treated water. Conversely, nitrate concentrations increased after treatment, rising from 0–0.88 mg/L in raw samples to 0–4.2 mg/L in treated effluents, a phenomenon attributed to the nitrification process. Ammonium levels experienced a substantial reduction, with an initial average concentration of 69.08 mg/L in raw wastewater. Phosphate concentrations slightly decreased following treatment. From a bacteriological perspective, a significant reduction in total coliforms was observed after treatment, indicating partial effectiveness of the treatment process. The treatment process at the Ain Témouchent WWTP ensures a highly effective reduction of organic pollution, with results conforming to standards for most analyzed physicochemical parameters. However, the insufficient removal of fecal coliforms highlights the need to optimize or supplement the treatment, notably by adding a disinfection step, to guarantee the sanitary quality of the effluents for potential reuse.
Etude physico-chimique des œufs issus d’élevages traditionnels dans la région d’Ain-Temouchent
(2025) FENTOUS, Khadidja; FEKIH, Chaimaa; MADANI, Khadidja
Chicken eggs are widely consumed around the world due to their high content of essential fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamins and proteins. Analysing the physicochemical parameters of egg constituents enables us to evaluate their nutritional richness and value. With this in mind, we analysed chicken eggs from various traditional farms in the Ain Temouchent region. The results of the physical analysis before breaking the eggs show an average weight of 49.48 g, an average length of 5.28 cm and an average width of 3.92 cm. After breaking, the weight of the egg yolk is greater than that of the white and the shell, with an average of 18.15 g, and an almost equal diameter of the white and the yolk. The results of chemical analysis of 100 g of egg show that, in addition to other parameters, the pH of the egg white and yolk have different values, as well as a fat content of 13.04 g, a protein content of 9.04 g and a moisture content of 89.98%. Based on our data, we can characterise the physicochemical quality profile of the studied eggs. This enables us to explore the relationship between farming methods and the quality of hen eggs, with the aim of ensuring they are highly nutritious.
Antibiorésistance des entérobactéries hospitalières
(2025) BELLAHCENE, Kawtar manel; MERBOUH, Khadidja; Y.AHMED, AMMAR OUADAH
Antibiotic resistance is an evolving concept that has become increasingly alarming in recent years. It is associated with a clinical and economic burden (mortality, longer hospital stays, and the fear of being powerless against infections in the future). This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance of 100 Enterobacteria isolates obtained from various clinical samples (urine, blood, and pus) collected from patients admitted to three hospitals in the Ain Temouchent region during the period from March to April 2025. The results reveal a predominance of urinary isolates (87%), with a marked prevalence among women (72%). E. coli was the most dominant bacteria (58%). The analysis of overall antibiotic resistance showed high resistance rates, not exceeding 40%, against several antibiotic classes, particularly beta-lactams (amoxicillin, oxacillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) and quinolones (ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid). E. coli exhibited the highest levels of resistance (42% for amoxicillin, 39% for nalidixic acid, 40% for erythromycin, and 36% for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid). The situation was particularly concerning for urinary isolates, where the overall resistance reached alarming levels (from 70% to 87%).
Etude épidémiologique et descriptive des infections respiratoires basses à l’Hôpital Ahmed Medeghri
(2025) KOUDRI, Bouchra; BOUKIT, Nor El Houda; CHIBANI, Hiba Rahman
Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) constitute a major public health problem due to their frequency and potential severity; they remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. To assess their management, we conducted a descriptive study of all lung samples collected from adult and elderly patients hospitalized in the pulmonology department of Ahmed Medeghri Hospital in Aim Témouchent during the years 2020, 2023, and 2024. 363 cases were reviewed. The main pathologies diagnosed were pneumonia (21%), bronchitis (24%), asthma (26%), pulmonary tuberculosis (18%), and pleurisy (9%). A male predominance (53%) was observed, compared to female patients (47%), with significant variations across years and age groups. Adults represented 57% of the population, compared to 43% for the elderly. A marked decrease in the number of cases of IRB was also noted in 2024, suggesting the possible impact of preventive measures and increased epidemiological surveillance. These results highlight the need to maintain local vigilance and develop targeted prevention strategies to reduce IRB-related morbidity in the region.
Evaluation de la contamination microbienne de certains produits de charcuterie crue à consommer après cuisson
(2025) ABDELHADI, Bouchra; AHMED SEDDIK, Nassima Aicha; ZIANE M
This study focuses on the evaluation of the microbiological quality of three local meat products: sausages, kaddid, and spleen blood sausage. It highlights the influence of production, processing, and consumption practices on meat quality. Microbiological analyses revealed varying levels of contamination depending on the product: sausages, which are high in moisture and often prepared using traditional methods, showed a diverse microbial flora that sometimes included pathogenic bacteria; kaddid, a salted and dried product, showed low bacterial contamination but carried a risk of mold development; spleen blood sausage, rich in nutrients and subject to extensive handling, was found to be the most contaminated, particularly with fecal indicator bacteria. The study recommends the strict application of good hygiene practices, proper training of producers, and compliance with microbiological standards to ensure the sanitary safety of these traditional products.
Supplémentation en Vitamine D3/chrome pour les patients diabétiques de type2.Etude interventionnelle. Hôpital Ain-Temouchent
(2025) HAMDAWI, Fadoua; MEHADJI, Nabila; ABI-AYAD, Meryem
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined vitamin D3 and chromium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included 23 patients and assessed changes in biological and anthropometric parameters before and after intervention. Results revealed a moderate but significant improvement in glycemic markers, especially fasting glucose and HbA1c, suggesting a potential role of these micronutrients in glycemic control. The response varied depending on age, treatment regimen, BMI, associated diseases, and dietary compliance. This work highlights the complexity of diabetes management and supports the need for a comprehensive, individualized, and multidisciplinary approach that combines medical treatment, nutrition, and lifestyle. It also opens perspectives for future research on complementary strategies in the management of type 2 diabetes
Évaluation comparative des activités biologiques des huiles végétales et essentielles d’Opuntia ficus indica (Cactaceae)
(2025) BARKA, HICHEM; BENZEMRA, OUSSAMA; BENNABI, Farid
In recent years, research has focused on natural alternatives to synthetic molecules. Plant extract shave garnered increasing interest due to their multi functionality and low toxicity. Opuntia ficus-indica (Ofi), commonly known as « prickly pear »,is a Cactaceae species native to Central America. It is characterized by remarkable adaptation to arid and semi-arid climates, such asin Algeria, and represents an underutilized resource: its seeds, often considered waste, contain a vegetable oil rich in bioactive compounds, while the aerial parts can yield an essential oil with volatile properties. This study presents a comparative analysis between the vegetable oil (VO) extracted from the seeds and a commercial essential oil (EO) from Opuntia ficus indica cladodes, targeting three key biological activities : antioxidant and antimicrobial. The obtained results show that OFI-based vegetable oils possess radical-scavenging activity, degrading DPPH with an IC50 of 2.7736 mg/mL, compared to an IC50 of 4.10 mg/mL for Ofi essential oils. The evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activity on the tested microbial strains reveals that fixed oils exhibit strong activity, unlike essential oils, which show only weak activity against the bacterial strain Klebsiella pneumoniae at a concentration of 300 mg/mL. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Opuntia ficus-indica essential and vegetable oils was evaluated using two methods: heat-induced membrane stabilization and hemolysis, with diclofenac serving as the reference anti-inflammatory agent. At a concentration of 100 mg/mL, the vegetable oil exhibited 69% inhibition in the membrane stabilization assay, compared to 50% for the essential oil and 89% for diclofenac. In the hemolysis assay, the inhibition rates were 41%, 31%, and 71%, respectively. These results indicate that both oils possess moderate anti-inflammatory activity, with the vegetable oil demonstrating overall greater efficacy.
Contribution à l'extraction d'alginate à partir des algues brunes marines
(2025) BOUMEDINE, Sarra; BOUGUENINA, MarwaHadile; LARBI DOUKARA, kamel
This research is part of the desire to transform an ecological constraint into an opportunity: Rugulopteryx okamurae (invasive brown algae newly identified on the Algerian coast) now represents a threat to marine ecosystems. The objective of our approach was to explore a valorization path consisting in extracting one of its high value-added compounds: alginate. This natural polymer is highly sought after in the food, pharmaceutical and biomedical sectors for its thickening and gelling properties. A classic extraction protocol was implemented, combining alkaline treatment and acid precipitation, but the results obtained (low yield: 4% and final product of average quality) suggest that the limits are notably due to the dense and particular structure of the cell wall of this species. Even if these results do not allow for immediate exploitation on an industrial scale, this work contributes to a better understanding of this local biomass, opening new research perspectives (improvement of protocols, more detailed biochemical studies, but above all exploration of other active molecules contained in this algae). In this perspective, this work constitutes a first step towards the sustainable valorization of local marine resources, in the context of scientific research and useful innovation.
Antibioresistance des entérobactéries isolées au niveau des laboratoires d’analyses médicales privés
(2025) BOUKADA, Fatna Achgane; FEDDANE, Bouchra; Y. AHMED, AMMAR OUADAH
Antibiotic resistance, which is constantly evolving, affects all classes of antibiotics. This retrospective study, conducted from January to February 2025 in private laboratories in Aïn Témouchent, assessed the resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from various clinical samples (urine, stool, pus, and genital secretions). The results revealed a predominance of urinary isolates (67%), particularly among women (60%), with Escherichia coli being the most frequently isolated species (49%). High resistance rates were observed, especially to doxycycline (85.71%), ampicillin (55%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (48%). Klebsiella isolates showed the most concerning resistance levels, ranging from 40% to 100%. Enteric (stool) isolates also displayed alarming resistance rates (30% to 81%). Multidrug resistance was significantly present: 77% of isolates were resistant to at least three antibiotics, 50% to five, and 11% to more than seven. This situation threatens the effectiveness of current treatments and highlights the urgent need for rational antibiotic use.
Etude transversale de l’impact de l’obésité sur la fertilité chez les femmes de la wilaya d’Ain Témouchent
(2025) SAHRAOUI, Soulaf; BELOUAZANI, Fatima Zahra; MEDJAOUI, Ikram
Female infertilityis a growing public health problem, influenced by various metabolic and hormonal factors. Amongthese, excess weight could playa key role in impaired fertility. This studyaims to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and fertility in 105 women residing in the wilaya of Aïn Témouchent, divided into two groups: 52 infertile women and 53 fertile women. The results showed no significant difference in meanage (P = 0.311) or age at menarche (P= 0.12) between the two groups. On the other hand, a highly significant association was observed between BMI and fertility (P = 1.60 × 10⁻⁶), with high rates of obesity among infertile women. Polycysticovary syndrome (PCOS) wasalso more common in infertile women (30.76% vs. 9.43%;P = 1.20 × 10⁻⁹), as was endometriosis (15.38% vs. 1.88%; P = 0.01). These data suggest a close link between over weight, gynecological disorders and infertility, highlighting the importance of nutritional and hormonal management in infertility prevention strategies.
Evaluation du statut vaccinal anti-COVID-19 au sein de la population d’Ain Temouchent
(2025) Madani benyahia, Basma; KHOLKHAL, Fatima
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, represents a major global public health crisis that has affected populations across all age groups and social categories. Vaccination emerged as the primary strategy for preventing the spread of the virus. This study aims to evaluate and analyze the COVID-19 vaccination status among the population of the Aïn Témouchent province. A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted from March 7 to April 13, 2025, on a representative sample of the local population. Data were analyzed based on vaccination status, gender, age group, type of vaccine administered, and reported side effects. The findings revealed a relatively low overall vaccination rate, with a higher proportion of vaccinated females (53.3%) compared to males (46.7%). The most represented age group among participants was 35 to 50 years (36.7%). The most commonly administered vaccine was Sinovac, accounting for 76.7% of vaccinations. The most frequently reported side effects were fever (34.8%) and fatigue (21.8%). Additionally, cases of post-vaccination infection were observed, raising concerns about the effectiveness of certain vaccines. This study highlights the need to strengthen vaccination coverage and continue evaluating post-vaccination immune responses in order to enhance the local fight against COVID-19.
Valorisation l’algue ulva lactuca dans la fabrication des compléments alimentaires naturel
(2025) BELMOKHTAR, Abderrahim; CHERIF, Nadjib
Ulva lactuca algae, also known as sea lettuce, is an edible green algae widely appreciated in Europe and Asia for its numerous nutritional benefits. It is a valuable source of vitamins (particularly vitamins A, C, and B12) and essential minerals such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc. Moreover, Ulva lactuca is naturally rich in antioxidants, amino acids, and dietary fiber, making it a functional food that supports immune system strengthening and helps prevent various diseases. In this work, Ulva lactuca has been utilized in the formulation of natural nutritional supplements, free from synthetic chemicals. This potential has been further enhanced by the addition of extracts from medicinal plants such as ginger (Zingiber officinale), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). Each of these plants possesses well-documented beneficial properties: ginger and turmeric exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, while fenugreek is known for its ability to regulate blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetic patients and to reduce blood cholesterol levels. Thus, the synergistic combination of Ulva lactuca with these medicinal plants enables the development of innovative, natural, and effective nutritional supplements, offering a promising approach for the prevention and management of metabolic disorders and for the maintenance of overall health.
Contribution à l'étude du potentiel microbien des sols dégradés
(2025) Khettou, Ahmed; Ikeb Melaizi, Abdelouahab; Bouazza Marouf, Khadidja
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the mycorrhizal infectivity potential (PIM) and microbial activity of degraded soils from a former gravel quarry located in Chaâbet El Leham (Aïn Témouchent). To achieve this, several biological indicators were assessed: mycorrhizal infectivity potential (PIM), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spore density, culturable fungal microflora, and soil basal respiration. Special attention was given to the role of the pioneer species Euphorbia dendroides in shaping the microbial dynamics of rhizospheric soil. The mycorrhizal infectivity potential of rhizospheric soil is moderate; 32.11 g of soil are needed to mycorrhize 50% of test plants, compared to 77.62 g for bare soil, indicating a clearly higher infectivity potential near plant roots. AMF spore counts were 824 spores/100 g in rhizospheric soil and 405 spores/100 g in bare soil. Microbial counts revealed 1.06 × 10⁶ CFU/g of bacteria and 2.4 × 10⁵ CFU/g of fungi in rhizospheric soil, versus 4.6 × 10⁵ and 2.1 × 10⁴ CFU/g, respectively, in bare soil. Basal respiration was also higher in the rhizospheric soil (5.28 mg CO₂/50 g/48 h) than in bare soil (2.64 mg). These findings show that despite physical and chemical degradation, rhizospheric soil associated with a pioneer plant retains a functional capacity for mycorrhizal symbiosis. This highlights the importance of integrating AMF into ecological restoration strategies for degraded industrial or extractive sites.
Evaluation de la qualité physico-chimique et bactériologique des eaux de puits
(2025) KADDOUR RAHAL, Hadjar; MAROUF, Lina Nihad; Bouchachia, Souaad
The present study aims to evaluate the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of six water samples collected in the Ain Temouchent region, including five borehole water samples (S1 to S5) and one well water sample (P1). Bacteriological analyses were conducted using the membrane filtration method. Simultaneously, physicochemical analyses were carried out in accordance with ISO standards and Algerian regulations. The results indicate the complete absence of microorganisms such as total and fecal coliforms, streptococci, Clostridium, and Salmonella in all samples, demonstrating excellent microbiological quality compliant with Algerian standards and those of the World Health Organization (WHO).Physicochemically, the pH of the borehole waters averages 7.48, while that of the well is 7.1. Electrical conductivity varies widely, ranging from 3.35 μS/cm (S1) to 1911 μS/cm (S2) for the boreholes, and is 966 μS/cm for the well. Turbidity is low, between 0.20 NTU (S2) and 2.64 NTU (S1), with a value of 1.15 NTU for the well. Measured temperatures average 18.9 °C for the boreholes and 15.8 °C for the well. Total hardness fluctuates around an average of 35.2 mg/L CaCO3. Chloride concentrations range from 106.35 mg/L (P1) to 377.9 mg/L (S1). Ammonium levels vary between 0 and 0.443 mg/L, while phosphorus concentrations range from 0.01 mg/L (S3) to 0.443 mg/L (S5).These results indicate that the analyzed waters have impeccable microbiological quality and satisfactory physicochemical quality, ensuring their suitability for human consumption subject to regular monitoring.
Evaluation de la contamination microbienne de viande rouge vendus dans les boucheries de la wilaya d’Ain Temouchent
(2025) BOURAHLA, Maroua Hibat Ellah; BERKANE KRACHAI, Loubna Wissam; ZIANE M
This thesis focuses on the microbiological quality of red meats (beef, mutton, horse) sold in the Aïn Témouchent region. Through an in-depth analysis of their nutritional, economic, and bacteriological aspects, it highlights the health risks linked to microbial contamination, particularly by Salmonella, E. coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Samples collected from various butcher shops were tested to assess the presence of pathogenic bacteria. The findings show that several samples exceeded acceptable microbial limits, revealing shortcomings in hygiene, cold chain management, and meat handling. The thesis emphasizes the need to improve sanitary practices and strengthen quality control throughout the production chain to ensure consumer food safety.

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