Antibiorésistance des entérobactéries hospitalières

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is an evolving concept that has become increasingly alarming in recent years. It is associated with a clinical and economic burden (mortality, longer hospital stays, and the fear of being powerless against infections in the future). This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance of 100 Enterobacteria isolates obtained from various clinical samples (urine, blood, and pus) collected from patients admitted to three hospitals in the Ain Temouchent region during the period from March to April 2025. The results reveal a predominance of urinary isolates (87%), with a marked prevalence among women (72%). E. coli was the most dominant bacteria (58%). The analysis of overall antibiotic resistance showed high resistance rates, not exceeding 40%, against several antibiotic classes, particularly beta-lactams (amoxicillin, oxacillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) and quinolones (ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid). E. coli exhibited the highest levels of resistance (42% for amoxicillin, 39% for nalidixic acid, 40% for erythromycin, and 36% for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid). The situation was particularly concerning for urinary isolates, where the overall resistance reached alarming levels (from 70% to 87%).