Etude de la résistance bactérienne contre les antibiotiques conventionnels

Abstract

The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria represents a major public health issue, significantly reducing the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics used in the treatment of infections. This study involves the identification of various aspects of bacterial infections and provides updated epidemiological data, enabling clinicians to adjust treatment and prevention strategies in order to limit the emergence of resistant strains. The experimental study was conducted on 64 clinical samples, mainly pus (58%) and urine (21%) specimens. The results revealed a predominance of bacteria such as Escherichia coli (23.45%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.07%), Staphylococcus aureus (12.51%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.93%). The analysis of resistance profiles showed particularly high resistance rates for certain antibiotics: fusidic acid (70%), cefazolin (71.42%), amoxicillin (50%), and ampicillin (50%), highlighting the limited effectiveness of these molecules against the tested strains. In contrast, gentamicin (84.1% sensitivity), fosfomycin (82.14%), and ciprofloxacin retained good activity against a broad range of bacteria. Other antibiotics, such as clindamycin (70.58% sensitivity) and levofloxacin (75%), showed moderate effectiveness with notable resistance levels. The implementation of continuous microbiological surveillance and increased awareness among healthcare professionals is essential to control the growing phenomenon of bacterial multidrug resistance.