Situation épidémiologique de la brucellose humaine au niveau de la région ouest d’Algérie : Étude rétrospective

Abstract

Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by the bacterial genus Brucella whose worldwide incidence is estimated at 500,000 human cases per year. Despite the efforts made in terms of health policy in Algeria, it remains a widespread condition. This work aims to identify the evolution of the incidence of human brucellosis and to describe its epidemiological profile in the western region of Algeria from 2018 to 2020. This was a retrospective study; the information is collected from the regional register of notification of notifiable diseases. These assessments are prepared by the Regional Health Observatory of Oran. The incidence of human brucellosis during the period from 2018 to 2020 seems to show a remarkable fluctuation, with average incidences between 8.3 and 10.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. A clear predominance of male cases is observed throughout the study period, thus All age groups are affected with a predominance of person reaching the age group between 20 and 44 years. The results obtained show that human brucellosis can occur at any season and in any month of the year, but it is more frequent in spring and summer. These results show that brucellosis remains a major problem in the wilayas of Saida, Tiaret and Sidi Bel Abbes. In order to improve the current situation, efforts to control brucellosis must be intensified in order to control the spread of the disease in groups at risk and reduce the incidence of this disease.