Etude comparative de quelques activités biologiques entre les nanoparticules et l’extrait aqueux d'une plante médicinale Ricinus communis de la région de AIN TEMOUCHENT

Abstract

Phytotherapy occupies a large place in the health system. The plants currently used are tested and selected for their therapeutic values, they are the source of many drugs since their active ingredients play a role in the composition of 70% of pharmaceutical products marketed in industrialized countries. Castor (Ricinus communis L) is a plant of the Euphorbiaceae family, commonly known as Kharoua;, which has been traditionally used in the treatment of many diseases, this plant has beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial. The results obtained for yield of nanoparticles and aqueous extract are respectively 8.5% and 4.58%. The estimation of the reducing power of its residues of R. communis and the nanoparticles based on aqueous extract, by the method of trapping the free radical DPPH allowed us to note that this plant has a good antioxidant activity, The results reveal that The nanoparticles based on the aqueous extract of the leaves exhibit better activity with an average of IC50 =0.679767 mg/ml, compared to the aqueous extract of the leaves which was the least active with an average of IC50 = 1, 0756mg/ml. . The antibacterial effect of aqueous extracts and nanoparticles was evaluated by the agar medium diffusion method (Muelleur-Hinton). The results indicate that this species also exhibits high antibacterial activity against the four strains tested (P.aeruginosa, E.coli, S.aureus, S.aureus), with variable zones of inhibition, we found that the antibacterial effect of the nanoparticles was the most important compared to the aqueous extract whatever the bacterial strain. The results obtained showed that the silver nanoparticles based on the aqueous extract of R. communis have an inhibiting effect on the hemolysis of red blood cells (presence of anti- inflammatory activity) with a very high percentage. These results scientifically validate the traditional use of R. communis as an anti-inflammatory.