Propriétés anti-inflammatoire et cytotoxique des extraits de feuilles d’Origanum vulgare (Origan) de la région d’Ain Témouchent

Abstract

Algeria is a country rich in aromatic plants including oregano (Lamiaceae family) which is used as an herbal tea by the local population to cure several diseases such as rheumatism, coughs, colds and digestive disorders. The present study aims to evaluate the anti- inflammatory power of the different aqueous extracts obtained after maceration, infusion, and decoction of Origanum vulgare leaf powders. For this very specific purpose, a qualitative phytochemical analysis as well as a study of the cytotoxicity of the extracts proved necessary. The results obtained showed a better extraction yield estimated at 39.5% for the decoction. While the phytochemical tests showed a richness of the three extracts in flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, quinones and reducing compounds. The toxicity analysis carried out according to the in vitro spectrophotometric method made it possible to ensure that our three extracts of the leaves of Origanum vulgare have a very low level of toxicity which is considered harmless compared to diclofenac. These results made it possible to safely evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of our three prepared extracts. Concerning the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity, the results obtained show that our three extracts have significant capacities, ranging from 72.51 to 98.47% and comparable to the protective effect of the reference molecule, namely diclofenac. This investigation led to the conclusion that our different extracts of Origanum vulgare leaves have an important ability to fight against inflammation by preventing the lysis of the lysosomal membrane. This capacity varies in our study depending on the extraction technique used.