Recherche de germes pathogènes majeurs responsables des infections mammaires chez la vache laitière dans la région d’Ain Témouchent

Abstract

Mastitis remains one of the three major challenges to global dairy production, resulting in significant economic losses. Current estimates of the specific prevalence of each pathogen are essential for effective disease surveillance and control. The objective of this study was to contribute to the identification of major pathogens responsible for mastitis infections in dairy cows in the Ain Témouchent region. We screened 170 lactating cows using the Californian Mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples that tested positive for CMT underwent bacteriological analysis. Our results show that mastitis remains a dominant disease in cattle farming. Indeed, we recorded a prevalence of 44.11% of subclinical mastitis cases. Based on the results of bacteriological analyses, a predominance was recorded for coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (45.51%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (22.75%) and Streptococcus spp. (14.25%). Other isolated bacterial species included Escherichia coli (9.20%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3.57%), and Pseudomonas spp. (1.36%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed the existence of resistance, with varying proportions depending on the antibiotic class. In conclusion, it is better to take precautions to improve production and maintain good health than to have to treat an illness.