Recherche d’activités biologiques dans les graines de Helianthus annuus

Abstract

Sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus L.) constitute a significant source of bioactive compounds and enzymes of nutritional, biological, and industrial interest. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activities (specifically catalase activity and DPPH scavenging) and enzymatic activities (specifically amylase and phytase activities) of an extract prepared from sunflower seeds. The results revealed notable antioxidant activity in the extract, evidenced by an H2O2 degradation capacity reaching 1.22mM/mg of protein after 90s of incubation, as well as DPPH scavenging potential with an IC50 of 0.3055mg/mL. In terms of enzymatic activity, the extract exhibited significant amylase activity, characterized by the hydrolysis of approximately 19.40μg of starch per mg of protein under optimal conditions of 30°C and a pH range of 7 to 9. Phytase activity was also demonstrated through the release of inorganic phosphorus, estimated at 0.16μg/mg of protein, with optimal activity observed at 40°C and pH 5. The amylases demonstrated greater stability across various experimental conditions, in contrast to the phytases, which proved to be more sensitive to variations in temperature and acidity.