Etude épidémiologique rétrospective de la peste des petits ruminants au niveau de la wilaya d’Ain Témouchen

Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a contagious viral disease caused by a Morbillivirus mainly affecting small ruminants. The epidemiology of PPR has undergone significant changes in recent years, with the emergence of the virus (PPRV) in several countries in Africa and Asia. PPR has been endemic in Algeria for a very long time. The objectives of this work are to identify the evolution of the incidence of PPR and to describe its epidemiological profile in the Ain Témouchent region. The information is collected from the regional register of notifiable diseases at the veterinary inspection level. Thus, the analysis of a seroprevalence survey during 2019 in the Ain Témouchent region showed a seroprevalence of 3.42%, with inter-regional variability (Intercommunal). Mortalities caused by PPR are considerable, with an inter-population variability of 7.97% in adult animals against 92.05% in young; 5.18%) of goats against 94.81% of sheep and 76.54% of females against 23.45% of males. Thus, PPR is present everywhere in the municipalities of the willaya of Ain Témouchent, with very high rates. reared in areas of high animal concentration and livestock movements. PPRV is spreading at high speed across countries and continents, posing a real challenge for the strategy to eradicate the disease by 2030. The strategy for controlling PPR must be gradual, regional and based on vaccination in risk areas (the entire southern part), sensitive surveillance coupled with a capacity for confirmatory diagnosis and the development of epidemiological research.