Évolution spatiale et temporelle de la brucellose humaine dans la région d Ain-Temouchent

Abstract

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Brucella, with a global incidence estimated at 500,000 human cases per year. Despite efforts made in terms of health policy in Algeria, it remains a major concern in the country. Our study aims to determine the spatial and temporal evolution of human brucellosis in the Ain-Temouchent region from 2014 to 2025. This was a retrospective study, and the data were collected from the wilaya's public health directorate. Based on the results obtained, 907 cases of human brucellosis were recorded, with an average annual rate of 75.58 cases, representing an average annual incidence of 17.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. A clear predominance of male cases was observed throughout the study period (60.74% in men versus 39.25% in women). All age groups were affected, with a higher prevalence among those aged 55 and over. The results show that human brucellosis can occur in any season and month of the year, but it is more frequent in spring and summer. These results demonstrate that brucellosis remains a significant problem in the Ain Témouchent province. To improve the current situation, efforts to combat brucellosis must be intensified to control the spread of the disease among at-risk groups and reduce its incidence.