Contribution à l'étude du cancer du sein triple négatif

Abstract

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific type of breast cancer defined by the absence of expression of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. It is characterized by aggressiveness, a poor prognosis and the lack of targeted therapies. Moreover, CSTN is strongly associated with the basal-like type, which is often characterized by a positive BRCA1 profile. To date, approximately 12% to 15% of breast tumors are TNBC. To our knowledge, very few works have been published on the triple negative phenotype in Algerian patients. Based on the risk factors recorded in the case series of Darouich et al. (2017). We noticed that 59% of the patients had their first period at the age of 12 to 15 years, 63% (57 cases) of the patients had their first children at an age below 30 years. Regarding parity, 38% of cases were pauciparous and 18% were multiparous. Contraceptive use was recorded in 73% of patients of Moroccan origin (Affane et al., 2016). However, 11% of the patients of Tunisian origin were under oral contraception of variable duration going from 6 months to 10 years, and 17% of them were not under hormonal contraception. According to the previous results, the fortuitous discovery of a breast nodule was the main revealing sign with 91% of the cases (Darouich et al., 2017). Afane et al. (2016) found that the left breast is most affected with 67% of cases. The tumor was located in the left breast in 53% of cases, with a predominance of the upper outer quadrant (32%) in the series of (Darouich et al. (2017).