Etude phytochimique et évaluation de l’activité antioxydante de la plante Bunium incrassatum de la région d’Ain Témouchent

Abstract

The objective of this study is to enhance the value of extracts from the roots of the medicinal plant «Bunium incrassatum» which is highly appreciated for its many virtues and widely used to treat thyroid dysfunction by conducting a phytochemical study and evaluating its antioxidant activity The organic extracts from the tuber of B. incrassatum were obtained by maceration using three solvents of different polarities: water, ethanol and acetone. The percentages of yields obtained are estimated at 6,65 ; 11,5 and 6,9% respectively. The phytochemical screening carried out on the three extracts revealed their richness in flavonoids, quinones, reducing sugars and saponosides. The assessment of the antioxidant power in vitro by the DPPH and FRAP methods showed that the raw extracts of B. incrassatum tubregress had a different antioxidant activity. The hydroacetonic extract showed an anti-radical activity vis-à-vis the DPPH radical, but it is the aqueous extract which marked the best reducing activity of the iron. Therefore, these results indicate that the fruit root of Bunium incrassatum is an effective source of phenolic compounds, which confers it an important antioxidant activity allowing its use in the pharmaceutical and food industry.