Innovation dans la formulation d’un béton léger

Abstract

Amid the growing challenges faced by the construction sector in enhancing thermal performance, reducing weight, and promoting environmental sustainability, lightweight concrete emerges as a promising alternative to traditional concrete. This study aims to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of lightweight concrete manufactured using lightweight expanded clay aggregates (LECA) and natural pozzolan, two local materials incorporated into the mix to optimize the overall performance of the concrete. Thanks to its porous structure and low density, expanded clay contributes to reducing the concrete’s bulk density while improving its thermal insulation properties. Natural pozzolan enhances the durability and strength of the concrete through chemical reactions that reduce permeability and improve resistance to environmental aggressions. Several lightweight concrete formulations were prepared and subjected to experimental tests including compressive and flexural strength, thermal conductivity coefficient, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and capillary absorption. The results indicated that some formulations provide satisfactory mechanical properties and improved thermal performance compared to conventional concrete, along with a significant reduction in bulk density. This study highlights the importance of integrating local and sustainable materials in concrete production, thereby opening new avenues for the use of lightweight concrete in both structural and non-structural applications within the construction sector.