Etude comparative entre deux techniques d’irrigation: par goutte à goutte et par aspersion

Abstract

The rational use of water in agriculture includes knowledge of the water needs of crops through good evaluation of the parameters governing the conditions of the environment, especially through the efficient use of water by the choice of the most appropriate irrigation systems depending on climatic, cultural and other parameters related to the plot to fit. In this context, our work focuses on a comparative study of two irrigation systems practiced in the region of Ain Temouchent: sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. The study was conducted at two farms where we have chose two different crops: table grapes irrigated with drip irrigation system and the carrot irrigated with a sprinkler system. To study the response of these crops to irrigation techniques applied to them, agro-climatic parameters of the region were evaluated. First, we calculated the water needs of crops, then we determined the optimal technical characteristics of localized irrigation and sprinkling system of our study site to improve the production and rational use of the natural resources through sustainable agriculture. It appears from this study that the drip irrigation method allows considerable water savings compared to sprinkler irrigation. This technique has the best agronomic performance. Meanwhile, Sprinkler irrigation although, considered less effective than drip irrigation, its low cost and its potential mobility explain its wide expansion.