Département génie mécanique

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspacee.univ-temouchent.edu.dz/handle/123456789/699

Browse

Now showing 1 - 16 of 16

Using glass wastes and bentonite to produce a new ceramic tile
(2023) Zaidi, Oussama; Aboutaleb, Djamila; Zaidi, Oussama; Safi, Brahim
This paper discusses the recycling of glass waste as a compound in the production of ceramic tiles. The present study aims to investigate the effects of glass waste (with two different granulometries) on the physical and mechanical properties of ceramic tiles, in order to demonstrate their suitability for the production of ceramic materials. A series of ceramic tiles was prepared based on bentonite (B) by adding 70, 65, and 60 wt% glass wastes (GW1 and GW2 with two different granulometries) into the batch composition. The ceramic tiles were sintered at a constant temperature of 900 °C following the same production protocol. The physicalmechanical properties and chemical durability of all ceramic tiles produced were evaluated. The results show that ceramic tiles can be produced from a basic mixture of 35% bentonite and 65% glass waste, with good physical, mechanical, and thermal properties (the local Algerian bentonite is considered a clay binder and has excellent plasticity).
Analysis of the polypropylene mechanical behaviour response: Experiments and numerical modeling
(2009) Meddah, H.M; Selini, N; Benguediab, M; Bouziane Mohamed, M; Belhamiani, M
The security requirements in the industrial world incite an ever deeper understanding of the behaviour and the fracture of polymeric materials used as structural parts of the passenger compartment. We are looking at a polypropylene commonly used in this field in order to identify the physical processes responsible for their mechanical properties. The mechanical characterization of the response of the polymer under simple and complex strain relies on a unique method of combining performing numerical analysis techniques. The behaviour of polypropylene with large deformations dissipative involves several processes. Its consequences on the mechanical properties of materials are significant. The analysis of these results to emphasis that the plasticity of the polymer involves addition mechanical properties. Taken together, these observations can lay the groundwork for a thermodynamic modeling of the behaviour law to this class of polymer. The contribution of this approach was demonstrated by experimental and numerical modeling of the polypropylene mechanical behaviour.
Fracture Toughness Characterization of High-Density Polyethylene Using Essential Work of Fracture Concept
(Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2020) Houari, Tarek; Benguediab, Mohamed; Belaziz, Azzeddine; Belhamiani, Mohamed; Aid, Abdelkrim
In this paper, the concepts of fracture mechanics are used to determine experimentally the work essential to fracture in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes. The tests were carried out on DENT specimens taken from HDPE pipes intended for the distribution of water. The monotonic mechanical characteristics of this material for two strain rates 0.1 and 0.01 s−1 show that the curves obtained are typical of semicrystalline polymers. Their shape shows that the fracture is ductile for this type of polymeric material with plasticization of the ligament. The evaluation of the toughness under plane stress conditions was carried out by this method. This method has been extensively performed in order to assess the performance of two parameters in fracture, i.e., essential work of fracture and nonessential work (βwp) ones.
Experimental study of shot peening effect onthe surface of austenitic stainless steels :roughness, residual stresses and workhardening
(2016) Chaib, Mohamed; Belhamiani, Mohamed; Megueni, Abdelkader; Ziadi, Abdelkader; Belzunce, Javier
Shot peening is a mechanical surfacetreatment widely used in automotive and aerospaceindustries to enhance the fatigue life of mechanicalparts. In this process, many small and hard particles,called shots, are projected at high velocities on to thesample. The multiple impacts plastically deform thematerial surface and induce an in-plane compressiveresidual stress field near the surface. Roughness,compressive residual stress and work hardening of anAISI 304 austenitic stainless steel was studied toexplain it evolution according to the Almen intensityand mechanical properties. Shot peening increasessurface hardness levels. We can confirm in case ofCSP the highest microhardness observed at topmostsurface. According to these results it can beconsidered, that after CSP application, themicrohardness in depth of 0.025 mm increased fromabout 220 HV to 350 HV.
Effective study of operating parameters on the membrane distillation processes using various materials for seawater desalination
(Membrane and Water Treatment, 2022) Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah; Nehar, Driss; Nehar, Taieb
The paper presents the effect of operating temperatures and flow rates on the distillate flux that can be obtained from a hydrophobic membrane having the characteristics: pore size of 0.15 µm; thickness of 130 µm; and 85% porosity. That membrane in the present investigation could be the direct contact (DCMD) or the air-gap membrane distillation (AGMD). To model numerically the membrane distillation processes, the two-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is used for the DCMD and AGMD cases here. In this work, DCMD and AGMD models have been validated with the experimental data using different flows (Parallel and Counter-current flows) in non-steady-state situations. A good agreement is obtained between the present results and those of the experimental data in the literature. The new approach in the present numerical modeling has allowed examining effects of the nature of materials (Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymers, copolymers, and blends) used on thermal properties. Moreover, the effect of the area surface of the membrane (0.021 to 3.15 m²) is investigated to explore both the laminar and the turbulent flow regimes. The obtained results found that copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) (80/20) is more effective than the other materials of membrane distillation (MD). The mass flux and thermal efficiency reach 193.5 (g/m²s), and 83.29 % using turbulent flow and an effective area of 3.1 m², respectively. The increase of feed inlet temperatures and its flow rate, with the reduction of cold temperatures and its flow rate are very effective for increasing distillate water flow in MD applications.
Performance Investigation of the Solar Membrane Distillation Process Using TRNSYS Software -Chapter Book
(In book: DISTILLATION PROCESSES - FROM CONVENTIONAL TO REACTIVE DISTILLATION MODELING, SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION, 2022-05) Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah; Nehari, Taieb; Nehari, Driss; Elhenawy, Yasser
Membrane distillation (MD) is a separation process used for water desalination, which operates at low pressures and feeds temperatures. Air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) is the new MD configuration for desalination where both the hot feed side and the cold permeate side are in indirect contact with the two membrane surfaces. The chapter presents a new approach for the numerical study to investigate various solar thermal systems of the MD process. The various MD solar systems are studied numerically using and including both flat plate collectors (the useful thermal energy reaches 3750 kJ/hr with a total area of 4 m2) and photovoltaic panels, each one has an area of 1.6 m2 by using an energy storage battery (12 V, 200 Ah). Therefore, the power load of solar AGMD systems is calculated and compared for the production of 100 L/day of distillate water. It was found that the developed system consumes less energy (1.2 kW) than other systems by percentage reaches 52.64% and with an average distillate water flow reaches 10 kg/h at the feed inlet temperature of AGMD module 52°C. Then, the developed system has been studied using TRNSYS and PVGIS programs on different days during the year in Ain Temouchent weather, Algeria.
Performance evaluation of a solar thermal and photovoltaic hybrid system powering a direct contact membrane distillation: TRNSYS simulation
(Desalination and Water Treatment 194(2020):37-51, 2020-03) Remlaouia, Ahmed; Nehari, Driss; Laissaouib, Mohammed; Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah
This paper investigates the integration of solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) energy powering direct contact membrane desalination (DCMD) to produce clean water. The designed system includes a 2 m2 flat plate collector (FPC) for thermal energy production, a stratified fluid storage tank with optional internal heater and heat exchangers with 0.3 m3 of volume, DCMD modules for clean water production, and a PV panel with a maximum power of 55 W. The predicted performance of this system was analyzed and dynamically simulated using the TRNSYS (Transient System Simulation program) code. The DCMD unit was simulated and added to the software library. The DCMD unit and the thermal system were validated based on literature results. The dynamic simulation of this system was carried out in the region of Ain Témouchent (west of Algeria) throughout the year and focusing on 3 type days (24/01), (24/06), and (05/11). The obtained results show that the daily freshwater production by the system is around 59.34 L–1 m2d–1 , and that the temperature of the feed saltwater and the permeate flow through the DCMD system varies, respectively, from 60°C to 21°C and between 20°C and 34°C. In addition, the solar fraction (SF) reaches 0.41, 0.52, and 0.42 and the collector efficiency of FPC values reaches 52%, 64%, and 55% during the 3 selected days, respectively.
Experimental and numerical simulation of solar membrane distillation and humidification – dehumidification water desalination system
(Renewable Energy, 2023-06) Elhenawy, Yasser; Bassyouni, Mohamed; Fouad, Kareem; Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah; Abd El-Rady Abu-Zeid, Mostafa; Majozi, Thokozani
In this study, a novel solar hybrid air-gap membrane distillation and humidifier-dehumidifier desalination (AGMD-HDD) unit was designed and investigated. In this proposed system, photovoltaic panels were used as the source of electricity in the AGMD-HDD hybrid system. The present work was conducted to explore experimentally the hybrid system's performance within 12 months and simulated numerically using TRNSYS software. The simulated results were in good agreement with the measured values. The flowrate of produced purified water from the solar AGMD-HDD hybrid system were 21.29 kg/h and 11.76 kg/h in the summer and winter seasons respectively. The specific thermal energy consumption (STEC) varied from 60 kWh/m3 to 310 kWh/m3 in summer and 87.12 kWh/m3 - 605.2 kWh/m3 in winter. Freshwater cost estimation using the solar AGMD/HDH system showed a remarkable decrease in freshwater production up to USD 14.32/m3. The gained output ratio (GOR) and the system competence reached 5.33 and 91.03% in summer using a seawater flow rate of 600 kg/h. The total reduction in CO2 emissions was 32 tons in winter and 43 tons in summer seasons.
Numerical analysis of the influence of maximum residual thermal stresses on the intensity factor between the matrix and particle interfaces in metal matrix composite.
(Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 54(54):275-281, 2020-10) Nehari, Taieb; Bahram, Kaddour; Nehari, Driss; Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah
A critical problem in the application of metal matrix composites is the presence of high residual thermal stresses induced during the development process. These thermally induced stresses are generally detrimental to the service life of this type of composite. This article discusses the influence of maximum residual stresses on the intensity factor. The results interpreted in terms of damage, allowed us to identify the risk zones; characterized by a significant level of maximum residual stresses (S 11Max , S 22Max , S 33Max), namely the particle/Matrix interface. The results also show that the loading conditions and the inter-distance between matrix and particle with two interfacial cracks have an important effect on max residual stresses and stress intensity factors.
DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF AN AIR-GAP MEMBRANE DISTILLATION (AGMD) PROCESS USING PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS SYSTEM AND FLAT PLATE COLLECTORS
(Journal of Thermal Engineering 7(13):117-133, 2021-02) MARNI SANDİD, Abdelfatah; NEHARİ, Driss; ELMERİAH, Abderrahmane; REMLAOUİ, Ahmed
In the desalination field, the membrane distillation (MD) is a new process of producing distilled water that has been developed and tested in recent years. In this paper, the integrated single cassette air-gap membrane distillation (AGMD) module in the solar thermal desalination system is validated and numerically simulated with the TRNSYS program. This model is studied to be ideal for obtaining a distilled water flow rate of 5.5 kg/h at different times under changing climatic conditions throughout the year in Ain-Temouchent weather, Algeria. The auxiliary heater is added to ensure the thermal energy continuity in the cold climatic conditions, where the photovoltaic system is used to power electrically the auxiliary heater. Therefore, the energy needed is calculated for the auxiliary heater and is replaced by 10 photovoltaic panels, each one has an area of 1.6 m² using seven of the energy storage batteries (12V, 200Ah) with 1.5 KW via TRNSYS and PVGIS help programs. Simulated results showed excellent compatibility with experimental results in previous studies. Additionally, it was found that when the inlet temperature of AGMD reaches 85 °C, the distilled water flow from the distillation membrane reaches 5.5 kg /h and that remains stable on different days throughout the year by relying solely on solar energy.
Experimental and simulation study of multichannel air gap membrane distillation process with two types of solar collectors
(Energy Conversion and Management 243(1-3):14, 2021-06) Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah; Bassyouni, M; Nehari a, Driss; Elhenawy, Yasser
Solar thermal energy for membrane distillation desalination is a green and safe way for areas where water scarcity and solar irradiance are strongly correlated. In this paper, a commercial-scale of desalination plant was installed and tested to study the performance of a multichannel spiral-wound air gap membrane distillation module with an area of 14.4 m². Air gap membrane distillation desalination plant at Port Said university was powered by solar energy using flat plate and evacuated tube collectors. The model validation was carried out. The solar desalination systems were numerically simulated using the program TRNSYS under different weather conditions throughout the year. The influence of the main operating parameters (feed flow rate and inlet temperatures of evaporator and condenser) was investigated. Regression analysis agreed with experimental data fitting using a quadratic polynomial model with coefficients of determination (R²) values of 0.997, 0.972, and 0.999 for permeate flux, outlet feed temperature, and outlet coolant temperature, respectively. The results showed that the permeate flux of the air gap membrane distillation with the evacuated tube collectors was 18.81%–30.44% higher than flat plate collector, and its cost was 22.48% lower. The specific thermal energy consumption of the air gap membrane distillation system ranged from 158.83 kWh/m3 to 346.55 kWh/m3. The maximum gain output ratio reaches 4.4 at 52 °C, depending on the feed inlet temperature. The thermal efficiency of the air gap membrane distillation system is 72%. The proposed air gap membrane distillation system produced 28.78 m3/year of fresh drinking water at a cost of USD 14.73/m3 with remarkable reducing in carbon dioxide emissions by 7,274.45 kg/year.
Simulation study of an air-gap membrane distillation system for seawater desalination using solar energy.
(Desalination and Water Treatment 229(2021):40-51, 2021-07) Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah; Nehari, Taeib; Nehari, Driss
The paper presents a numerical study to investigate the solar membrane distillation (SMD) system for seawater desalination using solar energy. The SMD system includes both flat plate collectors and photovoltaic panels. Therefore, the photovoltaic system is used to power electrically the pumps and sensors. The present model has good compatibility of no more than 5% with the experimental air-gap membrane distillation (AGMD) system. It was found that the solar AGMD system is used for the production of 3-5 L/h of distilled water flow. In addition, the energy needed is calculated for the pumps and replaced by two photovoltaic panels, each one has an area of 1.6 m 2 using an energy storage battery (12 V, 200 Ah). Besides, the brine that contains the high salt concentration is completely dispensed with this process. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the AGMD module and the collector efficiency values reach 68% and 74% respectively. The solar AGMD system will be studied using TRNSYS and PVGIS programs on different days throughout the year in Ain Temouchent weather, Algeria.
Sizing of an Autonomous Individual Solar Water Heater Based in Oran, Algeria
(Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering Zeitschriftendaten, 2022-09) Baki, Touhami; Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah; Nehari, Driss
The study concerns an autonomous individual solar water heater installed in the Oran region in Algeria. Supplied by two sources of solar thermal and photovoltaic energy, this solar water heater provides domestic hot water for the needs of an average family of 6 people. A comparative approach was made to find the most adequate solution between increasing the surface area of the thermal solar panel or those of the photovoltaic panels, by analyzing the solar fraction and the efficiency of the thermal panels. The choice was make for a thermal panel with a surface area of 4 m² and complete with 16 photovoltaic panels, thus resulting in a total surface area of 14 m² to obtain an autonomous solar water heater powered only by solar energy. Another option was considered by incorporating a photovoltaic thermal panel, and substantial savings were found.
The Effect of Operating Parameters on Total Cross-membrane Flux in a PVDF Flat Sheet Membrane
(Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering, 2023) Bekraoui, Hafsa; Nehari, Driss; Baki, Touhami; Bousmaha, Mouad
Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging thermal membrane technology that involves water vapor driven by a vapor pressure gradient over a hydrophobic membrane. MD faces several challenges, one of which is the flux of water vapor. The total cross-membrane flux in membrane distillation was investigated in this paper using the co-current PVDF flat sheet for direct contact. membrane distillation applications. The goal of this research is to improve total cross-membrane flux. The effect of various operational parameters is studied, including feed inlet temperature (333.15–358.15 K), feed flow rate (1–2.5 kg/s), permeate inlet temperature (288.15–313.15 K), and feed inlet NaCl concentration (0.035 to 0.485 kg/kg). To acquire a good value of total cross-membrane flux, their interactions with the total cross-membrane flux are studied in this work. The obtained results were computed during MATLAB-Simulations under several scenarios adopting the Trial-&-Error approach. This last inputs various parameters' values and thus draws the required curves to be discussed and analyzed. The results indicated that the PVDF flat sheet membranes provide a significantly higher total cross-membrane flux at higher feed input temperatures, producing a 73.2075 kg/(m2 h) at a feed inlet temperature of 358.15 K, a permeate inlet temperature of 293.15 K, and a flow rate of 2.5 kg/s, with a feed inlet NaCl concentration of 0.035 kg/kg. Feed inlet temperature significantly affected the total flux through the membrane; however, flow rate, permeate inlet temperature, and feed inlet NaCl concentration had a less significant effect.
Effective study of operating parameters on the membrane distillation processes using various materials for seawater desalination
(Membrane and Water Treatment, 2022) Marni Sandid, Abdelfatah; Nehari, Driss; Nehari, Taieb
The paper presents the effect of operating temperatures and flow rates on the distillate flux that can be obtained from a hydrophobic membrane having the characteristics: pore size of 0.15 µm; thickness of 130 µm; and 85% porosity. That membrane in the present investigation could be the direct contact (DCMD) or the air-gap membrane distillation (AGMD). To model numerically the membrane distillation processes, the two-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is used for the DCMD and AGMD cases here. In this work, DCMD and AGMD models have been validated with the experimental data using different flows (Parallel and Counter-current flows) in non-steady-state situations. A good agreement is obtained between the present results and those of the experimental data in the literature. The new approach in the present numerical modeling has allowed examining effects of the nature of materials (Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymers, copolymers, and blends) used on thermal properties. Moreover, the effect of the area surface of the membrane (0.021 to 3.15 m²) is investigated to explore both the laminar and the turbulent flow regimes. The obtained results found that copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) (80/20) is more effective than the other materials of membrane distillation (MD). The mass flux and thermal efficiency reach 193.5 (g/m²s), and 83.29 % using turbulent flow and an effective area of 3.1 m², respectively. The increase of feed inlet temperatures and its flow rate, with the reduction of cold temperatures and its flow rate are very effective for increasing distillate water flow in MD applications.
A Numerical Study for Determining the Effect of Raffia, Alfa and Sisal Fibers on the Fiber-matrix Interface Damage of Biocomposite Materials
(2021) Achour, Bouchra; Mokaddem, Allel; Doumi, Bendouma; Ziadi, Abdelkader; Belarbi, Lahcen; Boutaous, Ahmed
Background: Nowadays, natural fibers are used in all industrial fields, particularly in automotive technology and civil engineering. This great emergence is due to their biodegradability, recyclability and have no environmental effect. Objective: In this article, the effect of raffia, alfa and sisal fibers on the damage of biocomposite materials (raffia/PLA (polylactic acid), alfa/PLA and sisal/PLA), subjected to the same mechanical shear stress, has been investigated. Method: To calculate the damage to the interface, the genetic operator crossing is employed based on the fiber and matrix damage. Result: The results have shown that the raffia / PLA and alfa/PLA biocomposite materials are better mechanical properties compared to sisal / PLA, this observation has been confirmed by different values of interface damage of the biocomposite studied. Conclusion: The numerical results are similar and coincide perfectly with the results of Cox where he demonstrated that the Young's modulus of fibers improves the resistance of the interface. These conclusions are in very good agreement with our numerical data presented by the red cloud, and in good agreement with the work presented by Antoine Le Duigou et al. and Bodros et al. in which they have shown that natural fibers greatly improve the physical characteristics of composite materials

Browse

Recent Submissions