Contribution à l’Étude de l’inertie Thermique et des Performances Énergétiques du Bâtiment dans la Wilaya de Ain Temouchent

Abstract

This doctoral thesis investigates the critical role of passive strategies in enhancing the energy efficiency and thermal comfort of buildings in Mediterranean climates, with a focus on the province of Ain Temouchent, Algeria. The research comprises two distinct yet interrelated studies conducted in the region. The first study delves into the energy efficiency of residential buildings, particularly focusing on the impact of insulation and glazing on energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort. Through theoretical analyses and simulation using TRNSYS 17 software, the study evaluates various insulation materials and glazing options available in the Algerian market. Findings reveal that wood fiber insulation with a 9 cm thickness demonstrates superior thermal performance, yielding a notable 26% reduction in energy costs compared to conventional insulation materials. Moreover, transitioning from single to double glazing leads to substantial reductions in heating and cooling expenses, underscoring the significance of appropriate insulation and glazing choices in achieving energy efficiency and enhancing occupants' comfort. The second study centers on optimizing the energy performance of educational facilities, specifically primary school classrooms, through passive design strategies. By leveraging simulations validated against actual electricity consumption data, the research identifies key optimizations, including external shading devices, Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR) adjustments, and the utilization of double-low-emissivity (Double-Low E) glazing. Noteworthy findings include the significant energy savings achieved through a Vertical Shading Angle (VSA) of 60°, a recommended WWR of 30%, and the integration of Double-Low E glazing, resulting in an impressive 44% overall reduction in energy consumption. Collectively, these studies underscore the efficacy of passive strategies in mitigating energy demand and promoting sustainable building practices in Mediterranean climates. The findings contribute valuable insights for architects, engineers, and policymakers involved in the design and construction of energy-efficient buildings, while also advocating for the adoption of ecologically responsible practices to address the challenges of climate change and energy sustainability.