المسؤولية المدنية الناشئة عن أضرار الروبوتات اآللية الذكية

Abstract

Technology has had a great role in creating smart machines called robots programmed with artificial intelligence systems. The latter are distinguished by several characteristics, including efficiency and accuracy in work in several fields, which also made them distinguished by independence in making their decisions, which led to granting them legal personality in some countries, especially since, looking to the not-too-distant future, we see that there is a future status for this new being. However, its use has become fraught with risks that were not recorded in human history, which prompted legal researchers to delve into the legal rules governing civil liability resulting from robot damages. First, an attempt was made to apply the traditional rules of civil liability to it, which are based on the theory of the custody of things and the theory of the defective product. While the other side went to create new theories that are more appropriate to the nature of the robot, represented by the human deputy theory and the agency theory. Naturally, as a result of the establishment of civil liability, which is based on compensation, compulsory insurance for robots was activated, in addition to the establishment of compensation funds that carry out the task in the event of insurance failure. This is in the event that the rules of civil liability are established. However, in the opposite case, civil liability can be paid according to special rules or by force of law.