رحمة لبنى،بن رمضانعبد الرزاق،علا2026-07-072026-07-072026https://dspace.univ-temouchent.edu.dz/handle/123456789/7246This research aims to shed light on the mechanisms of critical thinking between western references and Arab heritage in general, focusing on the book Theory of Criticism. Through this topic, we became acquainted with critical thinking, western references, and heritage. This subject is considered important due to the aspects of difference and integration that exist between western references and Arab heritage. Therefore, this study emphasized examining these mechanisms through the works of Abd-al Malik Murtad particularly because he distinguished himself through the reconciliation between western culture and Arab heritage. Murtad is also considered one of the most prominent critics who adopted the approaches of authenticity and contemporaneity.other1Critical thinking2heritage3Critisism4western references5Abd- al Malik MurtadThesis