شليف, فاطمة الزهرةبن زيان ,علاء الدينبليدي ,سميرة2026-07-072026-07-072026https://dspace.univ-temouchent.edu.dz/handle/123456789/7253قانون خاص"Modern legislations are increasingly geared toward supporting innovation by establishing a legal framework for startups, particularly the Simplified Joint-Stock Company, which offers entrepreneurs greater flexibility in incorporation and management. This flexibility is balanced by governance mechanisms aimed at ensuring equilibrium between economic incentives and legal oversight. Such governance is reflected through civil liability for compensating damages resulting from management errors, as well as criminal liability of legal entities under Article 51 bis of the Penal Code, through sanctions that may extend to the dissolution of the company, particularly in cases involving corruption, money laundering, and crimes related to e-commerce and intellectual property rights."Start-upssimplified joint-stock companymanagement errorscriminal liability of legal persons.