Isolement et identification des bactéries de la cavité buccale chez l’Homme

Abstract

The human oral cavity contains one of the most complex bacterial communities, spread across the different areas of the mouth. The alteration of local conditions will allow the growth and development of pathogenic species that are at the origin of the trigger of oral disease. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify bacteria in the oral cavity in humans from four different sites (gums, plaque, tongue and tooth decay), as well as to evaluate their antibiotic resistance profiles. This study covered 22 oral-dental samples of patients aged 1 to 70 years. Identification of isolated bacteria was based on morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics, and antibiotic sensitivity tests. The results obtained revealed a predominance of Streptococcus followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Epidermidis and eventually Enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Spp et Serratia Spp). Antibiotic sensitivity tests show that most isolated bacteria appear to be resistant to almost all of the antibiotics tested, demonstrating their multi-resistant character. It can be concluded that even if there are more active antibiotics, the best control of oral diseases is prevention, considered economically necessary on the basis of strict application of hygiene measures