Modélisation de la croissance des moisissures mycotoxinogènes dans l’alimentation de volaille cas de la Wilaya de Ain Temouchent

Abstract

Fungal contamination of poultry feed is responsible of two main problems, the alteration of the nutritional quality of the feed and the mycotoxins production which affects animal and human health. In this context, the objective of this work was to (1) research mycotoxinogenic fungi, (2) assess the ability to produce mycotoxins and (3) model their growth. For this, a total of 33 samples of poultry feed were taken from several sale points in Ain Temouchent and Maghnia region. After analysis, 10 genera of molds were identified basing on macroscopic colonies observation and microscopic observation of the fruiting organs. The results showed the predominance of Penicilium spp. (75%), Fusartum spp (48%) and Aspergillus spp. (45%) against Rhizopus, Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp. Mycor sp, Aerobasidium sp., Paecilomyces sp., Phaeoacremonium sp. Only two of these genera produced the mycotoxin on CAM medium and YES medium. Then, the growth of the isolates, including mycotoxinogenic isolate, was evaluated in vitro and then adjusted. The results of the fit showed that the growth parameters are isolate dependent with latency values ranging from 0.81 to 6.45 days and a growth rate of 1.27 at 5 days. These data were compiled with poultry feed storage data (time and temperature), to build the exposure assessment model. The simulation results showed the growth of fungi during the storage phase which results in concentrations exceeding 5 log cfu/g for the two months January and August. This makes it possible to establish approaches and procedures to control fungal hazards in animal and indirectly human food.