Protection des ouvrages hydraulique contre l’érosion

Abstract

Erosion is a natural phenomenon that poses significant challenges to the durability and stability of hydraulic structures such as dams, dikes, and canals. This thesis explores various strategies and techniques for protecting hydraulic structures against water-induced erosion. The main objective is to analyze the mechanisms of erosion, identify the factors contributing to the wear of hydraulic structures, and propose effective solutions to minimize these impacts. The methodology adopted combines a review of existing literature on different types of erosion (fluvial, hydraulic, etc.), the use of numerical models to simulate the impact of various environmental factors on structures, as well as case studies on hydraulic structures in Algeria and elsewhere. These studies help to understand how geological and hydrological characteristics influence erosion. The results show that the use of techniques such as riprap, geotextiles, and concrete linings is effective in reducing erosion. Additionally, regular maintenance and monitoring of structures play a crucial role in preventing damage. This thesis also highlights the importance of adapting protective solutions to local specificities, taking into account geological and climatic conditions. In conclusion, this work contributes to a better understanding of the challenges posed by erosion of hydraulic structures and proposes an integrated approach to enhance their protection, ensuring their longevity and efficiency.