Etude de quelques paramètres biochimiques chez des patients atteints de troubles thyroïdiens et de stéatose hépatique dans la région d'Ain Témouchent durant l'année 2021-2022

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is a global public health issue due to an increasing incidence. It predicts the occurrence of metabolic complications associated with insulin resistance, such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. Hypothyroidism is a chronic disease with a high response worldwide. It is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with discordant results. However, the relationship between the two diseases is not yet well understood. The aim of our work is to study the relationship between NAFLD and hypothyroidism by evaluating the lipid, liver, and thyroid profile in hypothyroid individuals with NAFLD and comparing them to hypothyroid controls. For this purpose, a questionnaire was drawn up for these people as well as the determination of biochemical parameters. Our study included 42 patients residing in the wilaya of Ain T'emouchant with an average age between 20 and 82 years of which 21 subjects were hypothyroid and 21 subjects hypothyroid. The data on the consumption of sugary foods which were collected using a food frequency questionnaire revealed that more than half of the patients with NAFLD consumed sugary drinks, cakes, and sweets compared to the controls. According to our results, there were no significant differences in weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and PPO between the two groups. The lipid profile revealed that NAFLD patients had significantly higher triglyceride levels compared to controls, and significantly (highly significantly) lower plasma HDL cholesterol levels. On the other hand, a significant increase in liver function tests (TGO, TGP, γ-GT) was observed in the steroidal hypothyroid patients. Nevertheless, a highly significant increase in plasma TSH level was noted in hypothyroid subjects with NAFLD, however no significant difference in plasma T4 and T3 levels was observed between the two groups. In conclusion, hypothyroidism associated with NAFLD causes significant metabolic disorders and its association with overconsumption of sugary foods is a risk factor for the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.